CRISIS IN MEXICO: THE OVERVIEW; WITH PESO FREED, MEXICAN CURRENCY DROPS 20% MORE. By last night, when Mr. Serra called other Cabinet ministers together for a damage-control meeting, the reserves of the Mexican central bank were reported to have dropped to as low as $6.5 billion, and the stand-by swap agreements with the United States and Canada for $7 billion were activated. But former President Carlos Salinas de Gortari and his Finance Minister, Pedro Aspe, refused to do so, leaving the problem for Mr. Zedillo. Much of the criticism about the week's events has been directed at Mr. Serra, a Yale-educated economist familiar to many investors as Mexico's chief negotiator for the North American trade pact. The devaluation came after three years during which Mexico had followed an exchange rate policy of maintaining the peso within a well-defined band against the U.S. dollar. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. Privacy Policy, Bretton Woods Agreement and Smithsonian Agreement, Common Terminologies Used in Forex Markets, Understanding the Trading Cycles in Forex Market, Advantages and Disadvantages of Forex Market, Black Wednesday of 1992: The Day the Pound Sterling Came Under Attack, The Mexican Currency Crisis (Tequila Crisis) of 1994, Poseidon Bubble in the Australian Stock Market, Savings and Loan Crisis in the United States (1980s), The Failure of Long Term Capital Management (LTCM), The Albanian Revolution and Pyramid Schemes, Brexit after Effects: British Economy Beats Slowdown Fears. Management Study Guide is a complete tutorial for management students, where students can learn the basics as well as advanced concepts related to management and its related subjects. This meant that the Mexican Central Bank would conduct foreign market operations to keep the value of their debt stable as compared to the United States. Several devaluations have come before Christmas or Easter, prompting measured annual runs on the peso at these times. The decision to float the peso was made under extreme pressure by the Government of President Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon, who took office only three weeks ago, to calm financial markets after several days of intense speculation and plunging indexes. The Problem with Venezuelan Cryptocurrency, Traditional Bonds vs. Islamic Bonds Called Sukuk. Whereas the financial crisis in Mexico in 1982 had to do with external debt and took a long time for recovery the peso crisis of 1994 had little to do with external but instead was due to a short-term foreign exchange problem that was handled relatively quickly. Balance of Payments (BOP) The balance of payments (BOP) is … And one exchange facility in the border town of Nuevo Laredo, where trading is usually volatile, offered as many as 6.50 pesos to the dollar. After meeting late Monday night with Mexican business and labor leaders, the new finance minister Mr. Serra announced Tuesday morning on Mexican television that the peso would be technically devalued by 53 centavos. But Mexican exports to the United States are expected to enjoy a big boost because the sudden decline in the peso makes them cheaper. Ms. Lindow said that any chance of Mexico's receiving an investment-grade rating on its Government debt in the near future had grown more distant. The government was close to default on its national debt. "I'm quite calm," Mr. Somoza said. American exports overnight became more expensive, although the Government has ordered that domestic prices be frozen for at least 60 days. ], Critics of the North American Free Trade Agreement said the peso's steep drop, by making Mexican exports to the United States much more competitive with American goods, would make the United States regret its agreement to freer trade. When rebels of the Zapatista National Liberation Army threatened to resume hostilities in Chiapas beginning early this month, stock investors, uncertain of Mr. Zedillo's ability to handle the problem, began retreating and dumping their pesos for dollars. Estimation results indicate that investors appear to have seriously underestimated the risk of … The abrupt devaluation also angered investors because the Finance Minister Jaime Serra Puche and other officials had said only last week that the Government saw no need to devalue the peso. If the peso were a freely floating currency, it would have undergone a serious devaluation. After reviewing events leading to the crisis, a model emphasizing the inflation-competitiveness trade-off is presented to explain the formation of devaluation expectations. Public users can however freely search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter. This paper examines credibility and reputational factors in explaining the December 1994 crisis of the Mexican peso.
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