[3] Through his legate Leo, he mediated a dispute between King Ethelred the Unready of England and Duke Richard the Fearless of Normandy.[1]. In 996, Otto III undertook a journey to Italy to obtain an imperial coronation from the pope, but John XV died of fever early on April 1, 996, while Otto III lingered in Pavia until 12 April to celebrate Easter. He was a native of Siena (or the "Castello di Serena", near Chiusdino), in Italy. Before he became pope in August 985, John was cardinal-priest of St. Unable to control Rome easily, he sought help from King Otto I of Germany and crowned him emperor. Berengar quickly retreated to his strongholds, and Otto proceeded to enter Rome on 31 January 962. It is for this purpose that Liudprand of Cremona, a partisan of the Holy Roman Emperor Otto I, gives an account of the charges levelled against him at the Synod of Rome in 963: Then, rising up, the cardinal priest Peter testified that he himself had seen John XII celebrate Mass without taking communion. [29], An attempt at a revolt in support of John was mounted by the inhabitants of Rome even before Otto I left the city, but was put down with a large loss of life. He was sent on a diplomatic mission to Constantinople by the Ostrogoth King Theoderic to negotiate better treatment for Arians. Whatever territory of St. Peter comes within my grasp, I will give up to you. Despite the fact that he had repeatedly claimed he would refuse the papacy, shou… [27] Undeterred, the emperor and the council deposed John XII, who by this time had gone hunting in the mountains of Campania,[28] and elected Pope Leo VIII in his stead. [4] His secular companions were the senators Flavius Theodorus, Inportunus, and the Patrician Agapitus.[5]. The son of the glorious Alberic thus fell a sacrifice to his own unbridled passion, and to the anomalous position which he held as Prince and Pope at the same time. [4], With the death of Pope Agapetus II in November 955, Octavian, who was the cardinal deacon of Santa Maria in Domnica, was elected his successor on 16 December 955. [3] With his father's death, and without any opposition, he succeeded his father as prince of the Romans, somewhere between the ages of 17 and 24. While a deacon in Rome, he is known to have been a partisan of the Antipope Laurentius, for in a libellus written to Pope Symmachus in 506, John confessed his error in opposing him, condemned Peter of Altinum and Laurentius, and begged pardon of Symmachus. However, upon the emperor's departure, John XII returned at the head of a large company of friends and retainers, causing Leo VIII to flee to the emperor for safety. He soon fell out with Otto, but died before Otto succeeded in his attempt to depose him. If, holy fathers, we are bound to weigh in the balance the lives, the morals, and the attainments of the humblest candidate for the priestly office, how much more ought we to look to the fitness of him who aspires to be the Lord and Master of all priests! John XII's pontificate became infamous for the alleged depravity and worldliness with which he conducted his office. "Pope John XV (XVI)." John was imprisoned at Ravenna, where he died of neglect and ill treatment. Although relatively successful, upon his return to Ravenna, Theoderic had the Pope imprisoned for allegedly conspiring with Constantinople. John was buried in the Lateran. [2] However, Joseph Brusher finds this unproven, as John XV had little authority in Rome at that time. Vitalis. King Theoderic threatened that if John should fail in his mission, there would be reprisals against the non-Arian Christians in the West. A Roman by birth, he was the first pope who canonized a saint. His papal coronation ran for the traditional five hours (Pope Paul VI, by contrast, opted for a shorter ceremony, while later popes declined to be crowned). The Catholic Encyclopedia, International Alliance of Catholic Knights, Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution, Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary, Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart, Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII, Pope Pius XII Consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pope_John_XV&oldid=977976497, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia without Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia without Wikisource reference, Pages using S-rel template with ca parameter, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 September 2020, at 03:34. His lifestyle suited the secular prince he was, and his political enemies would use these accusations to blacken his reputation not only to justify, but to obscure the political dimensions of his deposition. As is Vatican custom, the College of Cardinals went into the conclave and began to decide who would be the next pope. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. "Pope John XII." John XV was the son of Leo, a Roman presbyter. Octavianus was the son of Alberic II of Spoleto, patrician and self-styled prince of Rome. He was related to the counts of Tusculum, a powerful Roman family which had dominated papal politics for over half a century. [25][26], Otto I subsequently summoned a council which demanded that John present himself and defend himself against a number of charges. The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh Capet captured both Charles and Archbishop Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. The origins of the investiture controversy stem from John XV's pontificate, when the dispute about the deposition of Archbishop Arnulf of Reims soured the relationship between the Capetian kings of France and the Holy See. He was declared a Servant of God by his successor, John Paul II, on 23 November 2003, the first step on the road to sainthood.

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